Poetic+Devices

__** Hyperbole **__ Hyperbole is a figure of speech that uses an exaggerated or extravagant statement to create a strong emotional response. "There are millions of other things to do."

Alliteration is the repetition of consonantal sounds in words close together, particularly using letters at the beginning of words or stressed syllables. "Becky’s beagle barked and bayed, becoming bothersome for Billy."
 * __ Alliteration __**

Words rhyme when their concluding syllables have a similar sound. Two words are said to rhyme if their last stressed vowel and the sounds that follow it match "The wind in her hair The chair that sat there  Eyes on eyes  Fire and lye  in the river sky"
 * __ Rhythm & Rhyme __**

In a metaphor, a word is identified with something different from what the word literally denotes. A metaphor is a figure of speech that constructs an analogy between two things or ideas; the analogy is conveyed by the use of a metaphorical word in place of some other word. For example: Her eyes were glistening jewels. "A lifetime is a day, death is sleep; a lifetime is a year, death is winter."
 * __ Metaphor __**

A similarity between like features of two things, on which a comparison may be based. "Glove is to hand as paint is to wall"
 * __ Analogy __**


 * __ Repetition __**

The act or process or an instance of repeating or being repeated. "Leaping higher, higher, higher,"

Personification is the attribution of human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract concepts. "And like the flowers beside them chill and shiver, Will like the flowers beside them soon be gone"
 * __ Personification __**

A passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication "Without naming names, the candidate criticized the national leaders by allusion."
 * __ Allusion __**

A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined. "The coldest winter I ever spent was a summer in San Francisco." "I can resist anything, except temptation."
 * __ Oxymoron __**

Euphemism is the use of roundabout language to replace colloquial terms that are considered too blunt or unpleasant. A word or phrase substituted for one that may be offensive, distasteful, or unpleasant. "Passed away" replaces "died" Overweight (Fat)
 * __ Euphemism __**

A set of mental pictures or images. The use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas. "__**Sight:**__ the rose is bright red **__Hearing:__** it sounds like the chirping of several birds, with their high voices.  __**Smell:**__ the air smells like going to the countryside. fresh and green. no smell of smoke but the fresh water and the leaves.  __**Touch:**__ it feels bumpy yet gives off a welcoming warmth  **__Taste:__** it tastes sweet yet spicy at once, with a tinge of orange taste."
 * __ Imagery __**

The term irony denotes that the appearance of things differs from their reality, whether in terms of meaning, situation, or action. That is, it is ironical when there is a difference between what is spoken and what is meant. what is thought about a situation and what is actually the case; or what is intended by actions and what is their actual outcome.
 * __ Irony __**


 * In stable irony there is a constant perspective from which to perceive the underlying meaning; whereas in unstable irony there is no perspective that is not itself undercut ironically.
 * Dramatic Irony is a situation in which the reader or audience knows more about the immediate circumstances or future events of a story than a character within it; thus the audience is able to see a discrepancy between characters' perceptions and the reality they face. Characters' beliefs become ironic because they are very different or opposite from the reality of their immediate situation, and their intentions are likewise different from the outcome their actions will have.
 * Structural irony occurs when a double level of meaning is continued throughout a work by means of some inherent feature such as a hero, narrator, or persona who is either naive or fallible (a participant in the story whose judgment is impaired by prejudice, personal interests or limited knowledge).
 * Verbal irony occurs when the words of a character or narrator have an implicit meaning as well as an ostensible one. The surface meaning may be false, or it may be a level of meaning that is just very different from the underlying one (which is usually more significant). One can guess when words should not be taken at face value by the context in which they occur--which includes the speaker's character, the situation, particular word associations, and a common ground of assumptions shared by the speaker and the reader.

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Malapropism is the accidental use of a word which resembles the one intended, but has a different, often contradictory meaning. An act or habit of misusing words ridiculously. "My wife is up at the hospital having her anagram"- Mistake: anagram and mammogram.
 * __ Malapropism __**

Onomatopoeia refers either to words which resemble in sound what they denote ("hiss," "rattle," "bang"), or to words that correspond in other ways with what they describe. Words-
 * __ Onomatopoeia __**

boo, boom, bubble, bump, buzz, chatter, cheep, chirp, clang, clank, clap, clatter, click, clink, cluck, clunk, crackle, crunch, cuckoo, ding, drip, eek, fizz, flick, flutter ||
 * achoo, ahem, baa, bah, bam, bang, bark, bash, bawl, beep, belch, blare, blurt, boing, boink, bong, bonk,

Satire arouses laughter or scorn as a means of ridicule and derision, with the avowed intention of correcting human faults. Common targets of satire include individuals ("personal satire"), types of people, social groups, institutions, and human nature. Like tragedy and comedy, satire is often a mode of writing introduced into various literary forms; it is only a genre when it is the governing principle of a work. (See also Irony.) In __//direct satire//__, a first-person speaker addresses either the reader or a character within the work (the adversarius) whose conversation helps further the speaker's purposes, as in Alexander Pope's "Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot" (1735). //__Indirect satire__// uses a fictional narrative in which characters who represent particular points of view are made ridiculous by their own behaviour and thoughts, and by the narrator's usually ironic commentary.
 * __ Satire __**

A simile is a figure of speech that indirectly compares two different things by employing the words "like", "as", or "than". "The water is __like__ the sun" ". . . __as__ happy __as__ the day is long."
 * __ Simile __**

Generally speaking, a symbol is a sign representing something other than itself. A photograph of the Eiffel tower may represent Paris, but the name "Paris" represents cosmopolitanism, cuisine, love, and much more. "Natures First green is gold" by Robert Frost.
 * __ Symbol __**

__//** Theme **//__ Although theme is sometimes used in the same sense as motif to signify recurring concepts in literature, the term mainly refers to the argument or general idea expressed by a literary work, whether implied or explicitly stated.